🧠 Awesome Agent Memory

A curated map of memory for AI agents — the systems, benchmarks, and research that give LLM and multimodal agents long-term context, persistent recall, and the ability to improve from experience.

👀 Open-source resources (e.g. papers with reproducible code publicly available on Github) are marked in bold font and ranked higher.

🧭 Start Here

💿 Products

Open-Source

Ordered by the number of GitHub stars. Products with fewer than 100 stars continue the list inside the collapsed Emerging projects section below — they graduate into the main list once they cross that threshold.

1. Claude-Mem (A Plug-in for Claude-Code) [code] [docs] Session capture and compression that re-injects past activity into future sessions across coding agents.

2. Mem0 [code] [docs] [paper] [blog] Universal memory layer for AI agents.

   • TeleMem † [code] [docs] [paper] API-compatible high-performance drop-in replacement for Mem0 (import telemem as mem0); listed as a sub-item of Mem0 rather than ranked by stars. Maintainer-affiliated.

3. OpenViking [code] [docs] [paper1] [paper2] [blog] Self-evolving context database for AI agents that unifies agent memory, knowledge RAG, and skills behind one storage/retrieval layer, with an MCP server for cross-session read/write.

4. Zep (powered by Graphiti) [code] [paper] [blog] Real-time temporal knowledge graphs for AI agents.

5. Cognee [code] [paper] [blog] Memory engine that ingests data into a hybrid graph + vector knowledge graph for cross-session agent recall.

6. gbrain [code] Garry's opinionated OpenClaw/Hermes agent brain.

7. agentmemory [code] Persistent memory for AI coding agents.

8. Letta (formerly MemGPT) [code] [paper] [research] [blog] Stateful-agent platform with hierarchical memory that learns and self-improves over time.

9. TencentDB Agent Memory [code] Fully local long-term memory for AI agents via a 4-tier progressive pipeline, with zero external API dependencies.

10. Hindsight [code] [paper] Agent memory layer that learns from interaction feedback to improve recall over time.

11. Context Mode [code] Context-window optimization for AI coding agents: diverts large tool outputs into a locally searchable store and persists session memory across platforms via MCP and hooks.

12. Second Me [code] [paper] Personal AI trained on the user to represent them across applications.

13. MemU [code] [blog] Memory layer for 24/7 proactive agents.

14. EverOS (part of EverMind) [code] [blog] Toolkit for building, evaluating, and integrating long-term memory in self-evolving agents.

15. MemOS (by MemTensor) [code] [paper] Memory OS for LLM agents with hybrid retrieval and cross-task skill reuse.

16. Honcho [code] [research] [blog] [eval] Memory library for stateful agents with a focus on user modeling.

17. engram (by Gentleman-Programming) [code] Persistent memory for AI coding agents — agent-agnostic single Go binary with SQLite + FTS5, exposed via MCP server, HTTP API, CLI, and TUI.

18. MemoryBear [code] [paper] Memory framework providing human-like episodic and semantic recall to AI agents.

19. OpenMemory [code] Local persistent memory store for LLM apps (Claude Desktop, Copilot, Codex, etc.).

20. memory-lancedb-pro [code] [blog] [video] Enhanced LanceDB memory plugin for OpenClaw

21. MIRIX [code] [paper] [blog] Multi-agent personal assistant that captures on-screen activity and consolidates it into structured memory.

22. MemMachine [code] [blog] Interoperable memory layer providing extensible storage and retrieval primitives for AI agents.

23. Memobase [code] User profile-based long-term memory for AI chatbot applications.

24. Memanto [code] [paper] [docs] Typed semantic memory with remember/recall/answer operations and information-theoretic retrieval.

25. LangMem [code] [blog] LangChain's memory primitives for storing, recalling, and managing agent state in LangGraph workflows.

26. Puppyone [code] [docs] Filesystem-shaped agent memory with auto-versioning, per-agent ACLs, and data connectors; accessible via MCP/REST/CLI.

27. Mem9 [code] [blog] Local private memory hub for OpenClaw and similar coding agents.

28. Omnigraph [code] Object-storage-native graph engine for agent memory with git-style branch/merge workflows.

29. Agent QA [code] Open-source QA agent that retains persistent test memory to reuse prior runs and self-heal natural-language web and mobile tests.

30. PowerMem [code] Persistent, self-evolving memory for AI agents — hybrid vector/full-text/graph retrieval with LLM-driven extraction, Ebbinghaus-style decay, and two-layer Experience + Skill distillation; from the OceanBase team.

31. CodeAlmanac [code] Repo-local Markdown wiki for AI coding agents that preserves project conversations, decisions, and implementation context.

32. projectmem [code] [docs] [paper] Local-first, event-sourced memory for AI coding agents: an append-only event log served via MCP, plus a pre-commit gate that warns before repeating a failed fix.

33. HMS (Holographic Memory System) [code] Long-term memory QA framework that wraps OpenAI clients with automatic recall and retain, PostgreSQL-backed, evaluated on LongMemEval.

34. Memorix [code] Local-first cross-agent memory layer for coding agents via MCP — SQLite-backed project memory with observation, reasoning, and git-derived fact types, plus task-lensed context briefs.

35. deja [code] Indexes the session transcripts twenty coding agents already write to disk, retroactively — local BM25 recall over them, with credentials redacted at index time.

36. Vestige [code] [release] Local-first cognitive memory MCP server for coding agents, with FSRS-6 decay, spreading activation, active suppression, Receipt Lock, and an inspectable dashboard.

37. Compartment [code] Offline, encrypted-at-rest vector memory for agents via MCP server, Python, or CLI; AEAD-encrypted embeddings, hybrid recall, per-record crypto-shred deletion, hash-chained audit log.

38. MemClaw (Caura) [code] [blog] Governed shared memory for AI agent fleets — cross-agent knowledge sharing with permissions, audit trails, and self-learning.

39. MisakaNet [code] [wiki] Git-based distributed swarm memory; agents share lessons across nodes via GitHub Issues.

40. Statewave [code] [docs] [blog] Open-source memory runtime for AI agents serving reproducible, provenance-tagged context bundles instead of query-time retrieval; self-hosted on Postgres + pgvector with Python/TypeScript SDKs.

41. Mnemory [code] Multi-type agent memory (facts, preferences, episodic) with TTLs, user/agent scoping, and an MCP server.

42. OMEGA [code] [blog] MCP server exposing 25 memory tools for AI coding agents.

43. Memov [code] Git-based, traceable memory layer for Claude Code.

44. Remnic [code] [docs] [paper] Local-first Markdown memory shared across coding agents and MCP clients, with per-result provenance, correction workflows, and the MemCorrect benchmark.

45. CommonGround Kernel [code] PostgreSQL-backed shared work-record substrate for human-agent and multi-agent systems, with durable handoff facts, causal lineage, and pull-first recovery across runtimes.

Closed-Source

• MemoraX [spec] [platform] Memory layer for long-horizon agents from MemoraX AI; core system is API-only; #1, Agent Memory Leaderboard (industry textual, 2026-08).

  • MemoraX Code
    [code] Coding-agent memory product—not a text-chatbot memory layer—that carries engineering experience, repository knowledge, preferences, and procedures across tasks and sessions.

• MemoryLake [blog]

• Supermemory [partial-code]

• Memories.ai [research] [paper] [blog]

• Macaron Mind Lab [blog] [paper]

• Mem 2.0 [blog]

• M-Flow

• TwinMind [blog]

• Penfield [blog]

• Sonzai

• Threadline [partial-code] [schema] [docs]

• Remio Local-first personal knowledge base that indexes files, webpages, recordings, notes, emails, and messages for agent retrieval via search and RAG.

• AccInt [partial-code] Local-first MCP Work Model for coding agents that retrieves scored memory, records actions, and credits real outcomes; engine is a closed-source binary.

• Agentage Memory Remote MCP memory server (OAuth 2.1 + PKCE + DCR) giving Claude, Cursor, and ChatGPT one shared markdown memory mirrored locally as files you own.

• screenpipe [source-available] [license] [docs] Local-first work memory that captures screen, audio, input, browser, and meeting context for search and agent retrieval.

Archival

Projects that are inactive or whose claims have been disputed by third parties. Status labels link to the evidence and note when the status was last checked.

• MemPalace ⚠️ Disputed (third-party critiques challenge the project's core claims; last checked 2026-07) [code] [critique1, critique2] Developed by actress Milla Jovovich and her friends

• Memvid ⚠️ Disputed (technical critique raised in GitHub issues, since deleted but archived; last checked 2026-07) [code] [critique (archived)]

• Memary ❄️ Inactive (no significant development activity; last checked 2026-07) [code]

• AI Unified Memory ❄️ Inactive (repository and owner account no longer resolve on GitHub, no successor located, no web archive snapshot; last checked 2026-08) [code: github.com/yaowanxiang/ai-unified-memory — no longer resolves] Filesystem-native shared memory for multiple AI agents, with public and private libraries, cross-agent messaging, synchronization, snapshots, and a cross-platform desktop GUI.

📖 Tutorials

🗓️ 2026

• Agent Memory Techniques (NirDiamant): 30 runnable Jupyter notebooks covering conversation buffers, vector stores, knowledge graphs, episodic and semantic memory, Mem0, MemGPT/Letta, Zep, Graphiti, and LoCoMo benchmarks [code]

• Tools, Actions, Memory, and Context †: Chapter 4 of the textbook Multi-Agent Systems: A Contemporary Treatment.

🗓️ 2025

• ACM SIGIR-AP 2025 Tutorial: Conversational Agents: From RAG to LTM † [paper] [code]

• Daily Dose of DS: A Practical Deep Dive Into Memory Optimization for Agentic Systems [Part-A] [Part-B] [Part-C]

📚 Surveys

🗓️ 2026

• Rethinking Memory Mechanisms of Foundation Agents in the Second Half: A Survey [code]

• Memory in the LLM Era: Modular Architectures and Strategies within a Unified Framework [code]

• From Storage to Experience: A Survey on the Evolution of LLM Agent Memory Mechanisms [code]

• Toward Efficient Agents: Memory, Tool Learning, and Planning [code]

• Anatomy of Agentic Memory: Taxonomy and Empirical Analysis of Evaluation and System Limitations [code]

• Memory for Large Language Models

• LLM Agent Memory: A Survey from a Unified Representation–Management Perspective

• Memory for Autonomous LLM Agents: Mechanisms, Evaluation, and Emerging Frontiers

• Externalization in LLM Agents: A Unified Review of Memory, Skills, Protocols and Harness Engineering

• Survey on AI Memory: Theories, Taxonomies, Evaluations, and Emerging Trends

• The AI Hippocampus: How Far are We From Human Memory?

🗓️ 2025

• AI Meets Brain: Memory Systems from Cognitive Neuroscience to Autonomous Agents [code]

• Memory in the Age of AI Agents [code]

• Rethinking Memory in AI: Taxonomy, Operations, Topics, and Future Directions [code]

• From Human Memory to AI Memory: A Survey on Memory Mechanisms in the Era of LLMs

• Cognitive Memory in Large Language Models

• Advances and Challenges in Foundation Agents: From Brain-Inspired Intelligence to Evolutionary, Collaborative, and Safe Systems (Chapter 3)

• Human-inspired Perspectives: A Survey on AI Long-term Memory

🗓️ 2024

• A Survey on the Memory Mechanism of Large Language Model based Agents [code]

📏 Benchmarks

💬 Plain-Text Benchmarks

🗓️ 2026

• Agent Memory Leaderboard [code] Public evaluation platform: participants expose Add/Search APIs and are scored on textual-memory and coding-agent-memory tracks.

• Agent Memory Benchmark (AMB) [code] Open harness and leaderboard scoring memory providers on accuracy, latency, and token cost over six datasets; built by Vectorize, whose Hindsight is among the providers.

• OmniMemEval [code]

• Are We Ready For An Agent-Native Memory System? (The MemoryData Paper) [code]

• Locomo-Plus: Beyond-Factual Cognitive Memory Evaluation Framework for LLM Agents [code]

• LoCoMo Refined: Recalibrating LoCoMo with Stricter LLM Judging and A Cleaned Dataset [code]

• Agent-Memory Integrity Benchmark [code]

• Cost and Accuracy of Long-Term Memory in Distributed Multi-Agent Systems Based on Large Language Models [code]

🗓️ 2025

• Beyond a Million Tokens: Benchmarking and Enhancing Long-Term Memory in LLMs (The BEAM Paper) [code] [data]

• MOOM: Maintenance, Organization and Optimization of Memory in Ultra-Long Role-Playing Dialogues (The ZH-4O Paper) [code] [data]

• Know Me, Respond to Me: Benchmarking LLMs for Dynamic User Profiling and Personalized Responses at Scale (The PersonaMem and ImplicitPersona Paper) [code] [data11] [data2]

• Evaluating Memory in LLM Agents via Incremental Multi-Turn Interactions (The MemoryAgentBench Paper) [code] [data]

• LifelongAgentBench: Evaluating LLM Agents as Lifelong Learners [code] [data]

• NoLiMa: Long-Context Evaluation Beyond Literal Matching [code] [data]

• HaluMem: Evaluating Hallucinations in Memory Systems of Agents [code] [data]

• LongBench v2: Towards Deeper Understanding and Reasoning on Realistic Long-context Multitasks [code]

• Minerva: A Programmable Memory Test Benchmark for Language Models [code]

• MemBench: Towards More Comprehensive Evaluation on the Memory of LLM-based Agents [code]

• Evo-Memory: Benchmarking LLM Agent Test-time Learning with Self-Evolving Memory

• OdysseyBench: Evaluating LLM Agents on Long-Horizon Complex Office Application Workflows

🗓️ 2024

• LongMemEval: Benchmarking Chat Assistants on Long-Term Interactive Memory [data]

• Evaluating Very Long-Term Conversational Memory of LLM Agents (The LoCoMo Paper) [code] [data]

• ∞Bench: Extending Long Context Evaluation Beyond 100K Tokens [code]

• LongBench: A Bilingual, Multitask Benchmark for Long Context Understanding [code]

🗓️ 2023

• StoryBench: A Multifaceted Benchmark for Continuous Story Visualization [code]

🎬 Multimodal Benchmarks

🗓️ 2026

• MBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark on Memory Capability for Video World Models [code] [proj] [leaderboard]

• RoboMemArena: A Comprehensive and Challenging Robotic Memory Benchmark [code] [data] [proj] [leaderboard]

• DeepImageSearch: Benchmarking Multimodal Agents for Context-Aware Image Retrieval in Visual Histories [code] [data] [leaderboard]

• Persona-MME: A Benchmark for Long-Term Personalized Multimodal LLMs [code] [data]

• RMBench: Memory-Dependent Robotic Manipulation Benchmark with Insights into Policy Design [code] [proj]

🗓️ 2025

• TeleEgo: Benchmarking Egocentric AI Assistants in the Wild † [code] [data] [proj] [leaderboard]

• LVBench: An Extreme Long Video Understanding Benchmark [code]

• Video-MME: The First-Ever Comprehensive Evaluation Benchmark of Multi-modal LLMs in Video Analysis [code]

🗓️ 2024

• MovieChat+: Question-aware Sparse Memory for Long Video Question Answering [code]

• CinePile: A Long Video Question Answering Dataset and Benchmark [code]

• LongVideoBench: A Benchmark for Long-Context Interleaved Video-Language Understanding [code]

🗓️ 2023

• EgoSchema: A Diagnostic Benchmark for Very Long-form Video Language Understanding [code]

• LvBench: A Benchmark for Long-form Video Understanding with Versatile Multi-modal Question Answering

🎮 Dynamic Benchmarks & Simulation Environments

🗓️ 2026

• SEAGym: An Evaluation Environment for Self-Evolving LLM Agents [code]

• Beyond Static Dialogues: Benchmarking Realistic, Heterogeneous, and Evolving Long-Term Memory [code] [data] [proj]

• AMemGym: Interactive Memory Benchmarking for Assistants in Long-Horizon Conversations [code] [proj]

• StreamMemBench: Streaming Evaluation of Agent Memory for Future-Oriented Assistance

🗓️ 2025

• MemoryBench: A Benchmark for Memory and Continual Learning in LLM Systems [code] [data]

• ARE: Scaling Up Agent Environments and Evaluations (The Gaia2 Paper) [code]

🗓️ 2024

• AppWorld: A Controllable World of Apps and People for Benchmarking Interactive Coding Agents [code]

🔤 Papers - Nonparametric Memory

📝 Text Memory

🗓️ 2026

• Memory Efficiency and Resource-Rational Encoding in Sentence Processing [code]

• AutoMem: Automated Learning of Memory as a Cognitive Skill [code] [proj]

• Mandol: An Agglomerative Agent Memory System for Long-Term Conversations [code]

• RecMem: Recurrence-based Memory Consolidation for Efficient and Effective Long-Running LLM Agents [code]

• Evoking User Memory: Personalizing LLM via Recollection-Familiarity Adaptive Retrieval (RF-Mem) [code]

• MemPrivacy: Privacy-Preserving Personalized Memory Management for Edge-Cloud Agents [code]

• Beyond RAG for Agent Memory: Retrieval by Decoupling and Aggregation [code]

• MemSearch-o1: Empowering Large Language Models with Reasoning-Aligned Memory Growth in Agentic Search [code]

• SimpleMem: Efficient Lifelong Memory for LLM Agents [code]

• Beyond Similarity Search: Tenure and the Case for Structured Belief State in LLM Memory [code]

• Self-Correcting Long-Horizon Search Agents via Tree-Structured Memory (ReTree)

• MemCompiler: Compile, Don't Inject -- State-Conditioned Memory for Embodied Agents

🗓️ 2025

• LightMem: Lightweight and Efficient Memory-Augmented Generation [code]

• What Deserves Memory: Adaptive Memory Distillation for LLM Agents [code]

• Human-inspired Episodic Memory for Infinite Context LLMs [code]

• MemWeaver: A Hierarchical Memory from Textual Interactive Behaviors for Personalized Generation [code]

• Evaluating Long-Term Memory for Long-Context Question Answering

• Text2Mem: A Unified Memory Operation Language for Memory Operating System

• O-Mem: Omni Memory System for Personalized, Long Horizon, Self-Evolving Agents

• Omne-R1: Learning to Reason with Memory for Multi-hop Question Answering

• In Prospect and Retrospect: Reflective Memory Management for Long-term Personalized Dialogue Agents

• SEDM: Scalable Self-Evolving Distributed Memory for Agents

• MemoRAG: Boosting Long Context Processing with Global Memory-Enhanced Retrieval Augmentation

• Towards LifeSpan Cognitive Systems

🗓️ 2024

• Compress to Impress: Unleashing the Potential of Compressive Memory in Real-World Long-Term Conversations [code]

• Agent Workflow Memory [code]

• MemoryBank: Enhancing Large Language Models with Long-Term Memory [code]

• Toward Conversational Agents with Context and Time Sensitive Long-term Memory [data]

• InfLLM: Training-Free Long-Context Extrapolation for LLMs with an Efficient Context Memory

🗓️ 2023

• RET-LLM: Towards a General Read-Write Memory for Large Language Models

🌐 Graph Memory

🗓️ 2026

• Rethinking Memory as Continuously Evolving Connectivity (FluxMem) [code]

• GraphPlanner: Graph Memory-Augmented Agentic Routing for Multi-Agent LLMs [code]

• HyperMem: Hypergraph Memory for Long-Term Conversations [code]

• Mnemis: Dual-Route Retrieval on Hierarchical Graphs for Long-Term LLM Memory [code]

• MAGMA: A Multi-Graph based Agentic Memory Architecture for AI Agents [code]

• TraceMem: Weaving Narrative Memory Schemata from User Conversational Traces [code]

• PlugMem: A Task-Agnostic Plugin Memory Module for LLM Agents [code]

• SAGE: A Self-Evolving Agentic Graph-Memory Engine for Structure-Aware Associative Memory

🗓️ 2025

• From RAG to Memory: Non-Parametric Continual Learning for Large Language Models [code]

• MIRIX: Multi-Agent Memory System for LLM-Based Agents [code]

• From Single to Multi-Granularity: Toward Long-Term Memory Association and Selection of Conversational Agents (MemGAS) [code]

• Hierarchical Memory Organization for Wikipedia Generation [code]

• From Experience to Strategy: Empowering LLM Agents with Trainable Graph Memory

• Bridging Intuitive Associations and Deliberate Recall: Empowering LLM Personal Assistant with Graph-Structured Long-term Memory

• HiAgent: Hierarchical Working Memory Management for Solving Long-Horizon Agent Tasks with Large Language Model

• Optimizing the Interface Between Knowledge Graphs and LLMs for Complex Reasoning

🗓️ 2024

• HippoRAG: Neurobiologically Inspired Long-Term Memory for Large Language Models [code]

• AriGraph: Learning Knowledge Graph World Models with Episodic Memory for LLM Agents [code]

🎥 Multimodal Memory (for Understanding)

🗓️ 2026

• MemGUI-Agent: An End-to-End Long-Horizon Mobile GUI Agent with Proactive Context Management [code] [proj]

• FluxMem: Adaptive Hierarchical Memory for Streaming Video Understanding [code] [proj]

• SE-GA: Memory-Augmented Self-Evolution for GUI Agents [code]

• Visual Agentic Memory: Enabling Online Long Video Understanding via Online Indexing, Hierarchical Memory, and Agentic Retrieval [code]

• PersonaVLM: Long-Term Personalized Multimodal LLMs [code] [proj]

• Omni-SimpleMem: Autoresearch-Guided Discovery of Lifelong Multimodal Agent Memory [code]

• HERMES: KV Cache as Hierarchical Memory for Efficient Streaming Video Understanding [code]

• EventMemAgent: Hierarchical Event-Centric Memory for Online Video Understanding with Adaptive Tool Use [code]

• M2A: Multimodal Memory Agent with Dual-Layer Hybrid Memory for Long-Term Personalized Interactions [code]

• NativeMEM: Native Memory Compression for Long-Horizon Robotic Manipulation [proj]

🗓️ 2025

• WorldMM: Dynamic Multimodal Memory Agent for Long Video Reasoning [code]

• MemVerse: Multimodal Memory for Lifelong Learning Agents [code]

• MGA: Memory-Driven GUI Agent for Observation-Centric Interaction [code]

• Seeing, Listening, Remembering, and Reasoning: A Multimodal Agent with Long-Term Memory [code]

• HippoMM: Hippocampal-inspired Multimodal Memory for Long Audiovisual Event Understanding [code]

• Infinite Video Understanding

• Episodic Memory Representation for Long-form Video Understanding

• Multi-RAG: A Multimodal Retrieval-Augmented Generation System for Adaptive Video Understanding

• Contextual Experience Replay for Self-Improvement of Language Agents

🗓️ 2024

• VideoAgent: Long-form Video Understanding with Large Language Model as Agent [code]

• VideoChat-Flash: Hierarchical Compression for Long-Context Video Modeling [code]

• LongVLM: Efficient Long Video Understanding via Large Language Models [code]

• KARMA: Augmenting Embodied AI Agents with Long-and-short Term Memory Systems [code]

🎥 Multimodal Memory (for Generation)

🗓️ 2026

• MemSlides: A Hierarchical Memory Driven Agent Framework for Personalized Slide Generation with Multi-turn Local Revision [code] [proj]

• LoGeR: Long-Context Geometric Reconstruction with Hybrid Memory [code]

• OneStory: Coherent Multi-Shot Video Generation with Adaptive Memory

🗓️ 2025

• MagicWorld: Towards Long-Horizon Stability for Interactive Video World Exploration [code]

• Yume-1.5: A Text-Controlled Interactive World Generation Model [code]

• StoryMem: Multi-shot Long Video Storytelling with Memory [code]

• MemFlow: Flowing Adaptive Memory for Consistent and Efficient Long Video Narratives [code]

• MotionRAG: Motion Retrieval-Augmented Image-to-Video Generation [code]

• VideoRAG: Retrieval-Augmented Generation over Video Corpus [code]

• Pretraining Frame Preservation in Autoregressive Video Memory Compression

• EgoLCD: Egocentric Video Generation with Long Context Diffusion

• Pack and Force Your Memory: Long-form and Consistent Video Generation

• Video World Models with Long-term Spatial Memory

• Mixture of Contexts for Long Video Generation

• Context as Memory: Scene-Consistent Interactive Long Video Generation with Memory Retrieval

🔢 Papers - Parametric Memory

🗓️ 2026

• Conditional Memory via Scalable Lookup: A New Axis of Sparsity for Large Language Models (The DeepSeek Engram Paper) [code]

  • Beyond Conditional Computation: Retrieval-Augmented Genomic Foundation Models with Gengram [code]
  • Pooling Engram Conditional Memory in Large Language Models using CXL
  • A Collision-Free Hot-Tier Extension for Engram-Style Conditional Memory: A Controlled Study of Training Dynamics

• δ-mem: Efficient Online Memory for Large Language Models [code]

• Language Model Memory and Memory Models for Language [code]

• MSA: Memory Sparse Attention for Efficient End-to-End Memory Model Scaling to 100M Tokens [code]

• GradMem: Learning to Write Context into Memory with Test-Time Gradient Descent [code]

• MeKi: Memory-based Expert Knowledge Injection for Efficient LLM Scaling [code]

• STEM: Scaling Transformers with Embedding Modules [code]

• MeMo: Memory as a Model [code]

• Language Models Need Sleep: Learning to Self-Modify and Consolidate Memories

• Do Language Models Need Sleep? Offline Recurrence for Improved Online Inference

• Training Transformers for KV Cache Compressibility

• Contextual Agentic Memory is a Memo, Not True Memory

• Memory Caching: RNNs with Growing Memory

• Fast-weight Product Key Memory

🗓️ 2025

• MoM: Linear Sequence Modeling with Mixture-of-Memories [code]

• MLP Memory: Language Modeling with Retriever-pretrained External Memory [code]

• Memory Decoder: A Pretrained, Plug-and-Play Memory for Large Language Models [code]

• Little By Little: Continual Learning via Incremental Mixture of Rank-1 Associative Memory Experts [code] [proj]

• How Much Do Language Models Memorize?

• Memory Retrieval and Consolidation in Large Language Models through Function Tokens

• Nested Learning: The Illusion of Deep Learning Architectures

• Improving Factuality with Explicit Working Memory

• R³Mem: Bridging Memory Retention and Retrieval via Reversible Compression

• May the Memory Be With You: Efficient and Infinitely Updatable State for Large Language Models

• MeMo: Towards Language Models with Associative Memory Mechanisms

• REFRAG: Rethinking RAG based Decoding

• EpMAN: Episodic Memory AttentioN for Generalizing to Longer Contexts

• Disentangling Memory and Reasoning Ability in Large Language Models

🗓️ 2024

• InfLLM: Training-Free Long-Context Extrapolation for LLMs with an Efficient Context Memory [code]

• MA-LMM: Memory-Augmented Large Multimodal Model for Long-Term Video Understanding [code]

• MemoryLLM: Towards Self-Updatable Large Language Models [code]

• WISE: Rethinking the Knowledge Memory for Lifelong Model Editing of Large Language Models [code]

• Titans: Learning to Memorize at Test Time

• Memory³: Language Modeling with Explicit Memory

• Infinite-LLM: Efficient LLM Service for Long Context with DistAttention and Distributed KVCache

• MemServe: Context Caching for Disaggregated LLM Serving with Elastic Memory Pool

• WISE: Rethinking the Knowledge Memory for Lifelong Model Editing of Large Language Models

• Ultra-Sparse Memory Network

🗓️ 2023

• Augmenting Language Models with Long-Term Memory [code]

• Efficient Memory Management for Large Language Model Serving with PagedAttention [code]

📈 Papers - Memory for Agent Evolution

🧭 Reinforcement Learning & Continual Learning

🗓️ 2026

• Large Discovery Models: Empirically-grounded Model-Based Open-Ended Search [code] [proj] [blog]

• SEED: Self-Evolving On-Policy Distillation for Agentic Reinforcement Learning [code] [proj]

• MLEvolve: A Self-Evolving Framework for Automated Machine Learning Algorithm Discovery [code]

• SkillOpt: Executive Strategy for Self-Evolving Agent Skills [code]

• Learning, Fast and Slow: Towards LLMs That Adapt Continually [code] [blog]

• CASCADE: Case-Based Continual Adaptation for Large Language Models During Deployment (The DTLBench Paper) [code]

• Memory Intelligence Agent [code]

• PASK: Toward Intent-Aware Proactive Agents with Long-Term Memory [code]

• Toward Autonomous Long-Horizon Engineering for ML Research [code]

• OpenClaw-RL: Train Any Agent Simply by Talking [code]

• Memento-Skills: Let Agents Design Agents [code]

• Memento 2: Learning by Stateful Reflective Memory [code]

• MemSkill: Learning and Evolving Memory Skills for Self-Evolving Agents [code]

• ProcMEM: Learning Reusable Procedural Memory from Experience via Non-Parametric PPO for LLM Agents [code]

• MemRL: Self-Evolving Agents via Runtime Reinforcement Learning on Episodic Memory [code]

• UniMem: Complementary Episodic-to-Parametric Memory for Boundary-Agnostic Task Streams

• Self-Evolving Multi-Agent Systems via Decentralized Memory

• Meta-Cognitive Memory Policy Optimization for Long-Horizon LLM Agents

• Mem-π: Adaptive Memory through Learning When and What to Generate

• Useful Memories Become Faulty When Continuously Updated by LLMs

• MEMTIER: Tiered Memory Architecture and Retrieval Bottleneck Analysis for Long-Running Autonomous AI Agents

• Neural Garbage Collection: Learning to Forget while Learning to Reason

• AVO: Agentic Variation Operators for Autonomous Evolutionary Search

• Why the Brain Consolidates: Predictive Forgetting for Optimal Generalisation

• Agentic Memory: Learning Unified Long-Term and Short-Term Memory Management for Large Language Model Agents

🗓️ 2025

• End-to-End Test-Time Training for Long Context [code]

• ML-Master: Towards AI-for-AI via Integration of Exploration and Reasoning [code]

• MemEvolve: Meta-Evolution of Agent Memory Systems [code]

• Remember Me, Refine Me: A Dynamic Procedural Memory Framework for Experience-Driven Agent Evolution [code]

• EvolveR: Self-Evolving LLM Agents through an Experience-Driven Lifecycle [code]

• Learning on the Job: An Experience-Driven, Self-Evolving Agent for Long-Horizon Tasks [code]

• Mem-α: Learning Memory Construction via Reinforcement Learning [code]

• Memento: Fine-tuning LLM Agents without Fine-tuning LLMs [code]

• Goal-Directed Search Outperforms Goal-Agnostic Memory Compression in Long-Context Memory Tasks [code]

• General Agentic Memory via Deep Research [code]

• AgentEvolver: Towards Efficient Self-Evolving Agent System [code]

• FLEX: Continuous Agent Evolution via Forward Learning from Experience [code]

• MemAgent: Reshaping Long-Context LLM with Multi-Conv RL-based Memory Agent [code]

• Beyond Heuristics: A Decision-Theoretic Framework for Agent Memory Management

• Nested Learning: The Illusion of Deep Learning Architecture [blog]

• LightSearcher: Efficient DeepSearch via Experiential Memory

• Memory-R1: Enhancing Large Language Model Agents to Manage and Utilize Memories via Reinforcement Learning

• Latent Learning: Episodic Memory Complements Parametric Learning by Enabling Flexible Reuse of Experiences

• Evo-Memory: Benchmarking LLM Agent Test-time Learning with Self-Evolving Memory

• ReasoningBank: Scaling Agent Self-Evolving with Reasoning Memory

• Long Term Memory: The Foundation of AI Self-Evolution

• REFRAG: Rethinking RAG based Decoding

• MemGen: Weaving Generative Latent Memory for Self-Evolving Agents

• ReSum: Unlocking Long-Horizon Search Intelligence via Context Summarization

• MARC: Memory-Augmented RL Token Compression for Efficient Video Understanding

• Continual Learning via Sparse Memory Finetuning

• Task-Core Memory Management and Consolidation for Long-term Continual Learning

🧩 Context Engineering & Harness Engineering

🗓️ 2026

• Code as Agent Harness [code]

• SWE-Pruner: Self-Adaptive Context Pruning for Coding Agents [code]

• LCM: Lossless Context Management [code]

• CL-bench: A Benchmark for Context Learning [code]

• Self-Harness: Harnesses That Improve Themselves [code]

• Is Grep All You Need? How Agent Harnesses Reshape Agentic Search

• M*: Every Task Deserves Its Own Memory Harness

🗓️ 2025

• Everything is Context: Agentic File System Abstraction for Context Engineering [code]

• AgentFold: Long-Horizon Web Agents with Proactive Context Management [code]

• ACON: Optimizing Context Compression for Long-horizon LLM Agents [code]

• Agentic Context Engineering: Evolving Contexts for Self-Improving Language Models

🔬 Papers - Memory in Cognitive Science

🗓️ 2026

• A Neural Network Model of Free Recall Learns Multiple Memory Strategies [code]

• Subspace Communication in the Hippocampal–Retrosplenial Axis

• A Neural State Space for Episodic Memories

• Dopaminergic Processes Predict Temporal Distortions in Event Memory

• Awareness as the Heart of Working Memory

• Neural Activations and Representations during Episodic versus Semantic Memory Retrieval

• Distinct Neuronal Populations in the Human Brain Combine Content and Context

🗓️ 2025

• Neural Population Activity for Memory: Properties, Computations, and Codes

• How Prediction Error Drives Memory Updating: Role of Locus Coeruleus–Hippocampal Interactions

• Towards Large Language Models with Human-Like Episodic Memory

🗓️ 2024

• A Generative Model of Memory Construction and Consolidation

🔒 Memory Security & Defense

• Agent Memory Guard [code] [pypi] OWASP runtime defense layer that screens agent memory writes for poisoning: multi-layer validation with semantic anomaly detection, entropy scoring, and provenance verification.

• From Untrusted Input to Trusted Memory: A Systematic Study of Memory Poisoning Attacks in LLM Agents (The MPBench Paper)

• inspeximus (formerly mnemo) poisoning probes [attack] [defense] Runnable probe scripts demonstrating that provenance written into a memory record is forgeable, and that a retrieval-time corroboration gate raises the cost of memory-poisoning attacks.

📰 Articles

🗓️ 2026

• Harness Engineering for Self-Improvement

• 221 Agents: Multi-Agent Coordination Lessons (archived; original site currently unreachable)

• OpenClaw Multi-Tenancy: Why VM-Per-User Does Not Scale (archived; original site currently unreachable)

🗓️ 2025

• Survey of AI Agent Memory Frameworks

🗓️ 2024

• Memory in Language Model-Enabled Agents

• Mastering LLM Memory: A Comprehensive Guide

🗓️ 2023

• LLM Powered Autonomous Agents

👥 Workshops

🗓️ 2026

• ICLR 2026: Workshop on Memory for LLM-Based Agentic Systems (MemAgents) [schedule]

🗓️ 2025

• ACL 2025: The First Workshop on Large Language Model Memorization (L2M2) [proceedings]

📑 Citation

To cite this collection itself, use the metadata in CITATION.cff (GitHub's "Cite this repository" button), or:

@misc{zhang2025awesomeagentmemory,
        author = {Zhang, Dell and Sun, Changzhi and Luo, Jixiang and Chen, Xiangyu and Li, Xuelong},
        title = {Awesome Agent Memory: Curated Systems, Benchmarks, and Papers on Memory for {LLMs}/{MLLMs}},
        year = {2025},
        howpublished = {\url{https://github.com/TeleAI-UAGI/Awesome-Agent-Memory}}
}

This list grew out of the maintainers' SIGIR-AP 2025 tutorial, which you can cite as the related publication:

@inproceedings{zhangConversationalAgentsRAG2025,
        author = {Zhang, Dell and Feng, Yue and Liu, Haiming and Sun, Changzhi and Luo, Jixiang and Chen, Xiangyu and Li, Xuelong},
        title = {Conversational Agents: From {RAG} to {LTM}},
        year = {2025},
        isbn = {9798400722189},
        doi = {10.1145/3767695.3769671},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2025 Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval in the Asia Pacific Region (SIGIR-AP)},
        pages = {447–452},
        location = {China}
}

Star History

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